Which principle underscores the requirement for researchers to minimize risks in studies involving human subjects?

The principle that underscores the requirement for researchers to minimize risks in studies involving human subjects is beneficence. This ethical principle obligates researchers to act in the best interests of the participants and to ensure that the potential benefits of the research outweigh any risks involved. By adhering to the principle of beneficence, researchers are required to not only avoid causing harm but also to promote the well-being of participants. This includes assessing risks and taking steps to minimize them as much as possible throughout the research process.

Beneficence is crucial in protecting vulnerable populations, such as prisoners, who may be at greater risk for harm or exploitation in research settings. This principle emphasizes a moral obligation to safeguard participants, ensuring they are treated with respect and care, and that their health and welfare are prioritized.