What should researchers avoid when obtaining informed consent?

Including exculpatory language in consent forms is particularly problematic because it can serve to limit the liability of researchers at the expense of participants' understanding of potential risks. Exculpatory language might distort the true nature of the research and the rights of participants, potentially misleading them regarding what they are consenting to. For informed consent to be truly valid, participants must be aware of any risks or consequences associated with their participation. This kind of clarity enhances participants' ability to make informed decisions about their involvement in the study.

In contrast, providing detailed explanations of the study, offering follow-up information after the study, and ensuring participants feel comfortable asking questions are all practices that support the informed consent process. They promote transparency, allow participants to grasp fully what participation entails, and ensure they have a clear understanding of their rights and potential risks. These elements contribute to ethical research practices and foster trust between researchers and participants.