What must researchers provide to potential subjects as part of the consent process?

Researchers must provide information at the appropriate reading comprehension level to potential subjects as part of the consent process because it ensures that participants fully understand the nature of the study, including the risks, benefits, and their rights. This is vital for obtaining informed consent, which is a cornerstone of ethical research practices. When information is tailored to the reading comprehension level of the participants, it helps avoid misunderstandings and allows subjects to make well-informed decisions regarding their participation. By emphasizing clarity and accessibility, researchers uphold the ethical obligation to respect participants' autonomy and facilitate informed decision-making.

In contrast, not all studies can or should offer financial incentives for participation, as this may introduce coercion into the consent process. Providing information only if requested does not fulfill the proactive obligation researchers have to educate potential subjects. While directions for completing the study are important, they are secondary to ensuring that participants understand what they are agreeing to before the study begins.