What does the 1974 National Research Act primarily address?

The 1974 National Research Act primarily addresses the protection of human subjects in research. This landmark legislation established ethical principles and guidelines for conducting research involving human participants. It was a direct response to unethical research practices, notably the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which highlighted the need for stringent protections for individuals involved in research.

One of the significant outcomes of the National Research Act was the creation of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). These boards are responsible for reviewing research proposals to ensure that the rights and welfare of participants are safeguarded. The Act also led to the Belmont Report, which outlines fundamental ethical principles for research, including respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.

In summary, the focus of the 1974 National Research Act is on the ethical treatment of human subjects, making it a cornerstone in the development of research ethics in the United States.