Risk of harm in social and behavioral sciences generally falls into three categories, which are:

Risk of harm in social and behavioral sciences generally falls into three categories, which are:

• A. Physical risk, emotional risk, social risk
• B. Invasion of privacy, breach of confidentiality, and study procedures
• C. Financial burden, emotional distress, and time lost
• D. Public disclosure, personal investigations, and physical harm

Answer: (B)

In social and behavioral sciences, the classification of risks of harm is critical for ensuring the ethical treatment of participants. The correct response identifies three specific areas of concern: invasion of privacy, breach of confidentiality, and study procedures. Invasion of privacy refers to situations where the research may involve intruding upon participants' personal lives or gathering sensitive information without adequate consent. This risks not only legal repercussions but can also lead to distress among participants if they feel their private information is being mishandled. Breach of confidentiality concerns the responsibility of researchers to protect the information shared by participants. Participants must trust that their data, personal narratives, and identifying details will not be disclosed without their permission. A breach in this area can result in significant consequences for participants, including social, emotional, and even financial repercussions. Study procedures highlight the importance of ensuring that the methods used in research do not inadvertently cause harm. This encompasses both physical risk from potential procedures as well as emotional or psychological risk arising from the nature of the questions being asked or interventions administered. Understanding these categories helps researchers in the social and behavioral fields design studies that adequately protect participants and uphold ethical standards.

In social and behavioral sciences, the classification of risks of harm is critical for ensuring the ethical treatment of participants. The correct response identifies three specific areas of concern: invasion of privacy, breach of confidentiality, and study procedures.

Invasion of privacy refers to situations where the research may involve intruding upon participants' personal lives or gathering sensitive information without adequate consent. This risks not only legal repercussions but can also lead to distress among participants if they feel their private information is being mishandled.

Breach of confidentiality concerns the responsibility of researchers to protect the information shared by participants. Participants must trust that their data, personal narratives, and identifying details will not be disclosed without their permission. A breach in this area can result in significant consequences for participants, including social, emotional, and even financial repercussions.

Study procedures highlight the importance of ensuring that the methods used in research do not inadvertently cause harm. This encompasses both physical risk from potential procedures as well as emotional or psychological risk arising from the nature of the questions being asked or interventions administered.

Understanding these categories helps researchers in the social and behavioral fields design studies that adequately protect participants and uphold ethical standards.